QuaDramA Tutorial

Heidelberg University

Nils Reiter, nils.reiter@ims.uni-stuttgart.de

18.06.2018

Outline

Installation and Setup
R Basics and RStudio
The R package DramaAnalysis

Installation and Setup

Needed for this tutorial

R
RStudio
Once RStudio is running:
type install.packages("devtools") in the Console

> install.packages("devtools")
trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/macosx/el-capitan/contrib/3.5/devtools_1.13.5.tgz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 702722 bytes (686 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 686 KB


The downloaded binary packages are in
    /var/folders/mj/_qhr36wj3gdczq38qy96hxf00000gp/T//RtmpkTLQ16/downloaded_packages
>

Installation of DramaAnalysis package

Type devtools::install_github("quadrama/DramaAnalysis") in the console

> devtools::install_github("quadrama/DramaAnalysis")
Downloading GitHub repo quadrama/DramaAnalysis@master
from URL https://api.github.com/repos/quadrama/DramaAnalysis/zipball/master
Installing DramaAnalysis
trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/macosx/el-capitan/contrib/3.5/rmarkdown_1.10.tgz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 2804704 bytes (2.7 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 2.7 MB
...

R Basics and RStudio

R Basics

R is a programming language
- Mostly used for statistical data analysis (“data science”)
- First version: 1993
- Current stable release: 3.5
- Website
Three important concepts we need to talk about
- Objects and types
- Variables
- Functions

R Basics – Objects and Types

Objects live in the computer memory (or on disk)
Objects represent the things we want to analyse (e.g., dramatic texts, words, or numbers)
An object has one or more types
The type of an object determines what we can do with it
- E.g., a knife allows other operations than a fork
Types: Numbers, strings, lists, tables, …
- Numbers allow arithmetic operations
  - E.g., summation: sum(3,5) (evaluates to 8, equivalent to 3+5)
- Strings allow character-based operations
  - E.g., conversion to lower case: tolower("ABC") (evaluates to "abc")
“evalutes to” -> we will come back to this

R Basics – Objects and Types

Type	Example (in R syntax)	Description
Numeric	`5`	A numeric value
Character	`"Heidelberg"`	A sequence of characters (note the double quotes!)
Logical	`TRUE`/`FALSE`	A truth value
Vector	`c(5,4,1)`	A sequence of objects of the same type
List	`list(5,"Hd",TRUE)`	A sequence of objects
Matrix		A table of objects of the same type
Data frame		A table of objects

R Basics – Objects and Types

In R, everything is a vector!

Entering 5 creates a numeric vector of length 1
Entering "Bla" creates a character vector of length 1

(In this way, R is different from other programming languages)

## [1] 5

# Creates a vector consisting of the numbers 1 to 50
1:50

##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
## [24] 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
## [47] 47 48 49 50

R Basics – Variables

We usually do not interact with the objects directly
- Because they are not known in advance (but loaded from files)
Variables
- A way to name objects
- Used as a placeholder for objects
- The actual operation takes place on the objects (R takes care of this)
Creating a variable a: a <- 3 (think of this as an arrow)

> a <- 3
> b <- 5
> a + b
[1] 8
>

R Basics – Functions

“Mini programs”: A collection of instructions that you can use as a single instruction
Input: Functions take arguments as input
Output: Functions return an object (that stores the result of the instructions)
Functions have a name (typically lower case) and can be reognized by the round parentheses
function(argument1, argument2, argument3, ...)
The return value of a function can be stored in a variable
variable <- function(arg1, arg2, ...)
Some functions not only return a value, but also do something (e.g., display a plot)

R Basics – Functions

sum(5,1)         # 5 + 1 is only an abbreviation

## [1] 6

s <- sum(5,1)    # stores the result in a variable, doesn't produce output
s                # prints the value of the variable

## [1] 6

s <- 7           # overwrites the previous value of the variable
s <- sum(s,3)    # overwrites the value of the variable

What’s the value of s now?

RStudio

An integrated development environment (IDE) for R
Capable workbench for data analysis

RStudio – 4 Panes (Screenshot)

Console: Where you enter R code and get the result immediately
Environment: Shows the objects currently in memory
Plots: Shows plots
Editor/Code: Allows editing R code and inspecting tables

(some have multiple tabs)

The R Package DramaAnalysis

Background

Dramatic texts are initially stored as TEI/XML files
Language processing (e.g., detection of parts of speech) takes place in a UIMA pipeline
The output of the pipeline are several CSV files for each play
- Meta data
- Character data
- Utterances
- Segments (scenes and acts)
- Stage directions (work in progress)
CSV files are then analyzed in R

Setup

Loading the package

library(DramaAnalysis) # no quotes here!

## DramaAnalysis 2.1.0

Install preprocessed data

Find out the directory in which data needs to be stored getOption("qd.datadir")
Open this directory in your file browser (e.g., Explorer, Finder)
Download this file: github.com/quadrama/data_gdc/archive/master.zip and unpack it into the previously opened folder
Verify: There should be a directory gdc with a sub folder csv. The csv folder contains a lot of files.

Verification

allIds <- loadAllInstalledIds()    # stores a character vector of all play ids
allIds      # prints out the character vector

##    [1] "gdc:11d11.0" "gdc:11d2m.0" "gdc:11f78.0" "gdc:11f81.0"
##    [5] "gdc:11f9k.0" "gdc:11fzp.0" "gdc:11g1d.0" "gdc:11g3h.0"
##    [9] "gdc:11g5f.0" "gdc:11g5g.0" "gdc:11g5q.0" "gdc:11g9w.0"
##   [13] "gdc:11gn9.0" "gdc:11gtp.0" "gdc:11h10.0" "gdc:11h60.0"
##   [17] "gdc:11hb1.0" "gdc:11hb5.0" "gdc:11hdv.0" "gdc:12675.0"
##   [21] "gdc:jkjb.0"  "gdc:jkjf.0"  "gdc:jn5z.0"  "gdc:jn65.0" 
##   [25] "gdc:jn6f.0"  "gdc:jn6k.0"  "gdc:jn6r.0"  "gdc:jn73.0" 
##   [29] "gdc:k4xx.0"  "gdc:k59h.0"  "gdc:k77x.0"  "gdc:k7f7.0" 
##   [33] "gdc:k8cn.0"  "gdc:k936.0"  "gdc:k93c.0"  "gdc:k93g.0" 
##   [37] "gdc:kd4c.0"  "gdc:kd4g.0"  "gdc:kd4r.0"  "gdc:kd4v.0" 
##   [41] "gdc:kd4z.0"  "gdc:kjfc.0"  "gdc:kjfg.0"  "gdc:kjfz.0" 
##   [45] "gdc:kjg2.0"  "gdc:kjgc.0"  "gdc:kjgj.0"  "gdc:kjgv.0" 
##   [49] "gdc:kmdh.0"  "gdc:kmdk.0"  "gdc:kmdp.0"  "gdc:kmdt.0" 
##   [53] "gdc:kmdw.0"  "gdc:kmq3.0"  "gdc:kmqb.0"  "gdc:knb2.0" 
##   [57] "gdc:kp19.0"  "gdc:kpkv.0"  "gdc:kpsk.0"  "gdc:kpsp.0" 
##   [61] "gdc:kq0s.0"  "gdc:kq0w.0"  "gdc:kq6g.0"  "gdc:kq6k.0" 
##   [65] "gdc:kq6v.0"  "gdc:kqwr.0"  "gdc:krdh.0"  "gdc:krf8.0" 
##   [69] "gdc:kscn.0"  "gdc:ksd1.0"  "gdc:kssc.0"  "gdc:ktrm.0" 
##   [73] "gdc:kw8v.0"  "gdc:m08h.0"  "gdc:m0br.0"  "gdc:m9xz.0" 
##   [77] "gdc:mbmn.0"  "gdc:mgfk.0"  "gdc:mgfp.0"  "gdc:mhq8.0" 
##   [81] "gdc:mjbp.0"  "gdc:mk3n.0"  "gdc:mr3k.0"  "gdc:msdg.0" 
##   [85] "gdc:msqv.0"  "gdc:mv7f.0"  "gdc:mvqk.0"  "gdc:mvqp.0" 
##   [89] "gdc:mvqs.0"  "gdc:mvr3.0"  "gdc:mvrf.0"  "gdc:n0xc.0" 
##   [93] "gdc:n23j.0"  "gdc:n2k7.0"  "gdc:n2kq.0"  "gdc:n3cn.0" 
##   [97] "gdc:n3dj.0"  "gdc:n750.0"  "gdc:n79j.0"  "gdc:n7rr.0" 
##  [101] "gdc:ndmr.0"  "gdc:nds0.0"  "gdc:ndtw.0"  "gdc:nfhm.0" 
##  [105] "gdc:nkbv.0"  "gdc:nkdm.0"  "gdc:nkdq.0"  "gdc:nkdt.0" 
##  [109] "gdc:nks0.0"  "gdc:nkww.0"  "gdc:nm24.0"  "gdc:nm27.0" 
##  [113] "gdc:nm2b.0"  "gdc:nmfg.0"  "gdc:nmfn.0"  "gdc:nmfv.0" 
##  [117] "gdc:nmg0.0"  "gdc:nmg5.0"  "gdc:nns8.0"  "gdc:npm2.0" 
##  [121] "gdc:npsg.0"  "gdc:ns3r.0"  "gdc:ns9c.0"  "gdc:nsv5.0" 
##  [125] "gdc:nttc.0"  "gdc:nv2j.0"  "gdc:nvk1.0"  "gdc:p5bz.0" 
##  [129] "gdc:p5c7.0"  "gdc:p5c8.0"  "gdc:p5cg.0"  "gdc:pb0f.0" 
##  [133] "gdc:pb4c.0"  "gdc:pb6v.0"  "gdc:pgp7.0"  "gdc:pgph.0" 
##  [137] "gdc:pgpm.0"  "gdc:pj2h.0"  "gdc:pjw6.0"  "gdc:pk02.0" 
##  [141] "gdc:pk6x.0"  "gdc:pkh4.0"  "gdc:pkhc.0"  "gdc:pkhg.0" 
##  [145] "gdc:pkhm.0"  "gdc:pkhv.0"  "gdc:pkj1.0"  "gdc:pkj2.0" 
##  [149] "gdc:pkjc.0"  "gdc:pkng.0"  "gdc:pksn.0"  "gdc:pkx0.0" 
##  [153] "gdc:pm1c.0"  "gdc:pm7m.0"  "gdc:pm99.0"  "gdc:pmfw.0" 
##  [157] "gdc:pmgg.0"  "gdc:pmj9.0"  "gdc:pmp3.0"  "gdc:pmtc.0" 
##  [161] "gdc:pn22.0"  "gdc:pn2n.0"  "gdc:psxj.0"  "gdc:ptkw.0" 
##  [165] "gdc:pvxf.0"  "gdc:pvxk.0"  "gdc:pzj2.0"  "gdc:q41n.0" 
##  [169] "gdc:q4j5.0"  "gdc:q5q1.0"  "gdc:qd27.0"  "gdc:qd2g.0" 
##  [173] "gdc:qd3h.0"  "gdc:qd46.0"  "gdc:qd6w.0"  "gdc:qdcq.0" 
##  [177] "gdc:qdhd.0"  "gdc:qdj2.0"  "gdc:qdjz.0"  "gdc:qdk1.0" 
##  [181] "gdc:qdks.0"  "gdc:qdm5.0"  "gdc:qdm9.0"  "gdc:qdmd.0" 
##  [185] "gdc:qdmw.0"  "gdc:qdnz.0"  "gdc:qdqn.0"  "gdc:qfxf.0" 
##  [189] "gdc:qfxj.0"  "gdc:qggj.0"  "gdc:qh0j.0"  "gdc:qh44.0" 
##  [193] "gdc:qhpn.0"  "gdc:qhwd.0"  "gdc:qkmh.0"  "gdc:qkmq.0" 
##  [197] "gdc:qkmw.0"  "gdc:qkmx.0"  "gdc:qkn4.0"  "gdc:qknj.0" 
##  [201] "gdc:qkp2.0"  "gdc:qkp7.0"  "gdc:qkps.0"  "gdc:qkq1.0" 
##  [205] "gdc:qn26.0"  "gdc:qn29.0"  "gdc:qn2w.0"  "gdc:qn30.0" 
##  [209] "gdc:qx5q.0"  "gdc:qxh9.0"  "gdc:r0gb.0"  "gdc:r0hz.0" 
##  [213] "gdc:r0jz.0"  "gdc:r0n2.0"  "gdc:r0px.0"  "gdc:r0sb.0" 
##  [217] "gdc:r10b.0"  "gdc:r11m.0"  "gdc:r121.0"  "gdc:r12k.0" 
##  [221] "gdc:r12v.0"  "gdc:r134.0"  "gdc:r13g.0"  "gdc:r1hd.0" 
##  [225] "gdc:r1zm.0"  "gdc:r22j.0"  "gdc:r23w.0"  "gdc:r2m4.0" 
##  [229] "gdc:r2m9.0"  "gdc:r2mf.0"  "gdc:r2mm.0"  "gdc:r2mn.0" 
##  [233] "gdc:r2mv.0"  "gdc:r2r7.0"  "gdc:r2rb.0"  "gdc:rdg3.0" 
##  [237] "gdc:rdgt.0"  "gdc:rdhd.0"  "gdc:rfbt.0"  "gdc:rfbx.0" 
##  [241] "gdc:rfc7.0"  "gdc:rfcn.0"  "gdc:rfct.0"  "gdc:rfcv.0" 
##  [245] "gdc:rfd2.0"  "gdc:rfd8.0"  "gdc:rfm5.0"  "gdc:rfmj.0" 
##  [249] "gdc:rfn5.0"  "gdc:rfx8.0"  "gdc:rfxf.0"  "gdc:rfxg.0" 
##  [253] "gdc:rhjs.0"  "gdc:rhnx.0"  "gdc:rhtz.0"  "gdc:rhzq.0" 
##  [257] "gdc:rj22.0"  "gdc:rjdc.0"  "gdc:rjg0.0"  "gdc:rjh9.0" 
##  [261] "gdc:rjmw.0"  "gdc:rjqs.0"  "gdc:rjwv.0"  "gdc:rkpt.0" 
##  [265] "gdc:rkq6.0"  "gdc:rksp.0"  "gdc:rktc.0"  "gdc:rkzk.0" 
##  [269] "gdc:rkzp.0"  "gdc:s6kj.0"  "gdc:s6kn.0"  "gdc:s6m2.0" 
##  [273] "gdc:s6m6.0"  "gdc:s8br.0"  "gdc:s8bv.0"  "gdc:s9j7.0" 
##  [277] "gdc:sc8m.0"  "gdc:sc8q.0"  "gdc:sj68.0"  "gdc:sj6f.0" 
##  [281] "gdc:sj6g.0"  "gdc:sj6r.0"  "gdc:sj6v.0"  "gdc:sjhr.0" 
##  [285] "gdc:sjpt.0"  "gdc:spd6.0"  "gdc:ssrb.0"  "gdc:ssrf.0" 
##  [289] "gdc:st5r.0"  "gdc:stqr.0"  "gdc:stqx.0"  "gdc:str1.0" 
##  [293] "gdc:str4.0"  "gdc:str5.0"  "gdc:str8.0"  "gdc:strd.0" 
##  [297] "gdc:strh.0"  "gdc:strp.0"  "gdc:strq.0"  "gdc:strx.0" 
##  [301] "gdc:stsd.0"  "gdc:stst.0"  "gdc:stt4.0"  "gdc:sttf.0" 
##  [305] "gdc:sv5m.0"  "gdc:swzc.0"  "gdc:swzz.0"  "gdc:t25v.0" 
##  [309] "gdc:t2z2.0"  "gdc:t337.0"  "gdc:t8tr.0"  "gdc:t907.0" 
##  [313] "gdc:t96n.0"  "gdc:t96r.0"  "gdc:t96s.0"  "gdc:t96w.0" 
##  [317] "gdc:t971.0"  "gdc:t976.0"  "gdc:t977.0"  "gdc:t97f.0" 
##  [321] "gdc:t9p7.0"  "gdc:t9ps.0"  "gdc:tbf2.0"  "gdc:tbqn.0" 
##  [325] "gdc:tg37.0"  "gdc:tgw6.0"  "gdc:tgw9.0"  "gdc:th0n.0" 
##  [329] "gdc:tn4k.0"  "gdc:trwt.0"  "gdc:tv5b.0"  "gdc:tv5k.0" 
##  [333] "gdc:tv5t.0"  "gdc:tv63.0"  "gdc:tv65.0"  "gdc:tv6f.0" 
##  [337] "gdc:tv6h.0"  "gdc:tvb0.0"  "gdc:tvbm.0"  "gdc:tvc5.0" 
##  [341] "gdc:tvc9.0"  "gdc:tvcm.0"  "gdc:tvdq.0"  "gdc:tvdx.0" 
##  [345] "gdc:tvfs.0"  "gdc:tvg7.0"  "gdc:tvgd.0"  "gdc:tvgg.0" 
##  [349] "gdc:tvgp.0"  "gdc:tvgr.0"  "gdc:twnw.0"  "gdc:twt3.0" 
##  [353] "gdc:tx4z.0"  "gdc:txtj.0"  "gdc:tz0c.0"  "gdc:tz39.0" 
##  [357] "gdc:tz6r.0"  "gdc:tz9d.0"  "gdc:tzgk.0"  "gdc:v0fv.0" 
##  [361] "gdc:v0nx.0"  "gdc:v183.0"  "gdc:v186.0"  "gdc:v18g.0" 
##  [365] "gdc:v1sm.0"  "gdc:v341.0"  "gdc:v3mq.0"  "gdc:v3mw.0" 
##  [369] "gdc:v3mx.0"  "gdc:v3n4.0"  "gdc:v3q4.0"  "gdc:v3qp.0" 
##  [373] "gdc:v3rv.0"  "gdc:v3rz.0"  "gdc:v3sh.0"  "gdc:v3sw.0" 
##  [377] "gdc:v3t3.0"  "gdc:v3t6.0"  "gdc:v3tw.0"  "gdc:v3vb.0" 
##  [381] "gdc:v3vp.0"  "gdc:v3vz.0"  "gdc:v3w3.0"  "gdc:v401.0" 
##  [385] "gdc:v409.0"  "gdc:vhgn.0"  "gdc:vnmx.0"  "gdc:vnn3.0" 
##  [389] "gdc:vpv1.0"  "gdc:vpvw.0"  "gdc:vpvx.0"  "gdc:vrcn.0" 
##  [393] "gdc:vrdc.0"  "gdc:vrdj.0"  "gdc:vrdk.0"  "gdc:vrds.0" 
##  [397] "gdc:w3zd.0"  "gdc:w407.0"  "gdc:w40m.0"  "gdc:w40n.0" 
##  [401] "gdc:wbvk.0"  "gdc:wc0g.0"  "gdc:wc9p.0"  "gdc:wc9q.0" 
##  [405] "gdc:wcbf.0"  "gdc:wcj0.0"  "gdc:wd1q.0"  "gdc:wd6t.0" 
##  [409] "gdc:wdq6.0"  "gdc:wdvq.0"  "gdc:wf6k.0"  "gdc:wp6p.0" 
##  [413] "gdc:wpvj.0"  "gdc:wz0s.0"  "gdc:wzgs.0"  "gdc:wznj.0" 
##  [417] "gdc:wznq.0"  "gdc:wznr.0"  "gdc:wzp1.0"  "gdc:wzp6.0" 
##  [421] "gdc:wzp9.0"  "gdc:wzpd.0"  "gdc:wzph.0"  "gdc:wzpp.0" 
##  [425] "gdc:wzps.0"  "gdc:wzpz.0"  "gdc:wzq0.0"  "gdc:wzq9.0" 
##  [429] "gdc:x34j.0"  "gdc:x37n.0"  "gdc:x37q.0"  "gdc:x390.0" 
##  [433] "gdc:x39r.0"  "gdc:x3b4.0"  "gdc:x3bf.0"  "gdc:x3bs.0" 
##  [437] "gdc:x3cm.0"  "gdc:x3cv.0"  "gdc:x3d6.0"  "gdc:x3f6.0" 
##  [441] "gdc:x3zz.0"  "gdc:x400.0"  "gdc:x4gj.0"  "gdc:x4q9.0" 
##  [445] "gdc:x4vf.0"  "gdc:x4vh.0"  "gdc:x4vp.0"  "gdc:x4vq.0" 
##  [449] "gdc:x4vx.0"  "gdc:x5bv.0"  "gdc:x82c.0"  "gdc:x8cf.0" 
##  [453] "gdc:x8fs.0"  "gdc:x8hc.0"  "gdc:x8ks.0"  "gdc:x8mr.0" 
##  [457] "gdc:x8mw.0"  "gdc:x8nh.0"  "gdc:x8np.0"  "gdc:x8nq.0" 
##  [461] "gdc:x90m.0"  "gdc:x90s.0"  "gdc:x90t.0"  "gdc:x9jv.0" 
##  [465] "gdc:xknr.0"  "test:rjmw.0" "test:rksp.0" "tg:11d11.0" 
##  [469] "tg:11d1w.0"  "tg:11d2m.0"  "tg:11d42.0"  "tg:11dtg.0" 
##  [473] "tg:11f78.0"  "tg:11f7n.0"  "tg:11f81.0"  "tg:11f9k.0" 
##  [477] "tg:11fg5.0"  "tg:11fzp.0"  "tg:11g1d.0"  "tg:11g3h.0" 
##  [481] "tg:11g5f.0"  "tg:11g5g.0"  "tg:11g5q.0"  "tg:11g5w.0" 
##  [485] "tg:11g68.0"  "tg:11g9q.0"  "tg:11g9w.0"  "tg:11gn9.0" 
##  [489] "tg:11gtp.0"  "tg:11gx9.0"  "tg:11h10.0"  "tg:11h60.0" 
##  [493] "tg:11hb1.0"  "tg:11hb5.0"  "tg:11hdv.0"  "tg:12675.0" 
##  [497] "tg:jkhx.0"   "tg:jkj1.0"   "tg:jkjb.0"   "tg:jkjf.0"  
##  [501] "tg:jn5z.0"   "tg:jn65.0"   "tg:jn6f.0"   "tg:jn6k.0"  
##  [505] "tg:jn6r.0"   "tg:jn73.0"   "tg:jnhh.0"   "tg:jnhn.0"  
##  [509] "tg:jnj6.0"   "tg:k1f7.0"   "tg:k1fb.0"   "tg:k1ff.0"  
##  [513] "tg:k4xx.0"   "tg:k59h.0"   "tg:k77x.0"   "tg:k7f7.0"  
##  [517] "tg:k8cn.0"   "tg:k936.0"   "tg:k93c.0"   "tg:k93g.0"  
##  [521] "tg:k93r.0"   "tg:k93v.0"   "tg:k940.0"   "tg:k942.0"  
##  [525] "tg:kcj3.0"   "tg:kd4c.0"   "tg:kd4g.0"   "tg:kd4r.0"  
##  [529] "tg:kd4v.0"   "tg:kd4z.0"   "tg:kd58.0"   "tg:kjfc.0"  
##  [533] "tg:kjfg.0"   "tg:kjfz.0"   "tg:kjg2.0"   "tg:kjgc.0"  
##  [537] "tg:kjgj.0"   "tg:kjgv.0"   "tg:kmdh.0"   "tg:kmdk.0"  
##  [541] "tg:kmdp.0"   "tg:kmdt.0"   "tg:kmdw.0"   "tg:kmf6.0"  
##  [545] "tg:kmf9.0"   "tg:kmff.0"   "tg:kmfh.0"   "tg:kmpd.0"  
##  [549] "tg:kmq3.0"   "tg:kmqb.0"   "tg:knb2.0"   "tg:kp19.0"  
##  [553] "tg:kpkv.0"   "tg:kpsk.0"   "tg:kpsp.0"   "tg:kpsz.0"  
##  [557] "tg:kq01.0"   "tg:kq0s.0"   "tg:kq0w.0"   "tg:kq1k.0"  
##  [561] "tg:kq6g.0"   "tg:kq6k.0"   "tg:kq6v.0"   "tg:kqwr.0"  
##  [565] "tg:krdh.0"   "tg:krf8.0"   "tg:krfj.0"   "tg:ksbx.0"  
##  [569] "tg:kscn.0"   "tg:kscv.0"   "tg:ksd1.0"   "tg:kssc.0"  
##  [573] "tg:ktrh.0"   "tg:ktrm.0"   "tg:ktsm.0"   "tg:ktsx.0"  
##  [577] "tg:ktt1.0"   "tg:kv4f.0"   "tg:kw8v.0"   "tg:kw94.0"  
##  [581] "tg:kw97.0"   "tg:m086.0"   "tg:m08h.0"   "tg:m0br.0"  
##  [585] "tg:mgfk.0"   "tg:mgfp.0"   "tg:mhq8.0"   "tg:mjbp.0"  
##  [589] "tg:mk3n.0"   "tg:mr3k.0"   "tg:msdg.0"   "tg:msqv.0"  
##  [593] "tg:mv71.0"   "tg:mv7f.0"   "tg:mvqk.0"   "tg:mvqp.0"  
##  [597] "tg:mvqs.0"   "tg:mvr3.0"   "tg:mvrf.0"   "tg:mvrr.0"  
##  [601] "tg:mvrv.0"   "tg:n0xc.0"   "tg:n23j.0"   "tg:n2k7.0"  
##  [605] "tg:n2kq.0"   "tg:n2m1.0"   "tg:n3cn.0"   "tg:n3dj.0"  
##  [609] "tg:n750.0"   "tg:n79j.0"   "tg:n7rr.0"   "tg:n7s1.0"  
##  [613] "tg:n7s9.0"   "tg:n7sd.0"   "tg:n7sh.0"   "tg:ndmr.0"  
##  [617] "tg:nds0.0"   "tg:ndtw.0"   "tg:nfdb.0"   "tg:nfhm.0"  
##  [621] "tg:nkbv.0"   "tg:nkcq.0"   "tg:nkdm.0"   "tg:nkdq.0"  
##  [625] "tg:nkdt.0"   "tg:nks0.0"   "tg:nkww.0"   "tg:nm24.0"  
##  [629] "tg:nm27.0"   "tg:nm2b.0"   "tg:nmf9.0"   "tg:nmfg.0"  
##  [633] "tg:nmfn.0"   "tg:nmfs.0"   "tg:nmfv.0"   "tg:nmg0.0"  
##  [637] "tg:nmg5.0"   "tg:nmgc.0"   "tg:nns8.0"   "tg:np3s.0"  
##  [641] "tg:np6j.0"   "tg:npm2.0"   "tg:npsg.0"   "tg:ns3r.0"  
##  [645] "tg:ns9c.0"   "tg:nsv5.0"   "tg:ntqj.0"   "tg:nttc.0"  
##  [649] "tg:nv2j.0"   "tg:nvk1.0"   "tg:p5bz.0"   "tg:p5c7.0"  
##  [653] "tg:p5c8.0"   "tg:p5cg.0"   "tg:p7dk.0"   "tg:p7hs.0"  
##  [657] "tg:p7m9.0"   "tg:p878.0"   "tg:p87j.0"   "tg:p8d8.0"  
##  [661] "tg:p8rz.0"   "tg:p8vz.0"   "tg:pb0f.0"   "tg:pb4c.0"  
##  [665] "tg:pb6v.0"   "tg:pgp7.0"   "tg:pgph.0"   "tg:pgpm.0"  
##  [669] "tg:pj21.0"   "tg:pj26.0"   "tg:pj27.0"   "tg:pj2h.0"  
##  [673] "tg:pjw6.0"   "tg:pk02.0"   "tg:pk6x.0"   "tg:pkgw.0"  
##  [677] "tg:pkh4.0"   "tg:pkhc.0"   "tg:pkhg.0"   "tg:pkhh.0"  
##  [681] "tg:pkhm.0"   "tg:pkhv.0"   "tg:pkj1.0"   "tg:pkj2.0"  
##  [685] "tg:pkjc.0"   "tg:pkjk.0"   "tg:pkng.0"   "tg:pksn.0"  
##  [689] "tg:pkx0.0"   "tg:pm1c.0"   "tg:pm7m.0"   "tg:pm99.0"  
##  [693] "tg:pmfw.0"   "tg:pmgg.0"   "tg:pmj9.0"   "tg:pmp3.0"  
##  [697] "tg:pmtc.0"   "tg:pn22.0"   "tg:pn2n.0"   "tg:psxj.0"  
##  [701] "tg:ptkw.0"   "tg:pvpw.0"   "tg:pvpz.0"   "tg:pvq4.0"  
##  [705] "tg:pvq5.0"   "tg:pvqc.0"   "tg:pvxf.0"   "tg:pvxk.0"  
##  [709] "tg:pzj2.0"   "tg:q3hr.0"   "tg:q41n.0"   "tg:q4j5.0"  
##  [713] "tg:q5q1.0"   "tg:qd27.0"   "tg:qd2g.0"   "tg:qd2n.0"  
##  [717] "tg:qd3h.0"   "tg:qd46.0"   "tg:qd6w.0"   "tg:qdcq.0"  
##  [721] "tg:qdhd.0"   "tg:qdj2.0"   "tg:qdjz.0"   "tg:qdk1.0"  
##  [725] "tg:qdks.0"   "tg:qdm5.0"   "tg:qdm9.0"   "tg:qdmd.0"  
##  [729] "tg:qdmw.0"   "tg:qdnz.0"   "tg:qdqn.0"   "tg:qfsn.0"  
##  [733] "tg:qfx0.0"   "tg:qfxf.0"   "tg:qfxj.0"   "tg:qggj.0"  
##  [737] "tg:qh0j.0"   "tg:qh44.0"   "tg:qhpn.0"   "tg:qhwd.0"  
##  [741] "tg:qkkz.0"   "tg:qkm4.0"   "tg:qkm5.0"   "tg:qkmh.0"  
##  [745] "tg:qkmq.0"   "tg:qkmw.0"   "tg:qkmx.0"   "tg:qkn4.0"  
##  [749] "tg:qknj.0"   "tg:qkp2.0"   "tg:qkp7.0"   "tg:qkps.0"  
##  [753] "tg:qkq1.0"   "tg:qm9d.0"   "tg:qmsf.0"   "tg:qmt7.0"  
##  [757] "tg:qn26.0"   "tg:qn29.0"   "tg:qn2w.0"   "tg:qn30.0"  
##  [761] "tg:qx5q.0"   "tg:qxh9.0"   "tg:qz9g.0"   "tg:qzz7.0"  
##  [765] "tg:r0gb.0"   "tg:r0hz.0"   "tg:r0jz.0"   "tg:r0n2.0"  
##  [769] "tg:r0px.0"   "tg:r0sb.0"   "tg:r0vx.0"   "tg:r10b.0"  
##  [773] "tg:r11m.0"   "tg:r121.0"   "tg:r12k.0"   "tg:r12n.0"  
##  [777] "tg:r12v.0"   "tg:r134.0"   "tg:r135.0"   "tg:r13g.0"  
##  [781] "tg:r1hd.0"   "tg:r1zm.0"   "tg:r22j.0"   "tg:r231.0"  
##  [785] "tg:r23w.0"   "tg:r2m4.0"   "tg:r2m9.0"   "tg:r2mf.0"  
##  [789] "tg:r2mm.0"   "tg:r2mn.0"   "tg:r2mv.0"   "tg:r2qz.0"  
##  [793] "tg:r2r7.0"   "tg:r2rb.0"   "tg:rdg3.0"   "tg:rdgt.0"  
##  [797] "tg:rdhd.0"   "tg:rfbt.0"   "tg:rfbx.0"   "tg:rfc7.0"  
##  [801] "tg:rfcn.0"   "tg:rfct.0"   "tg:rfcv.0"   "tg:rfd2.0"  
##  [805] "tg:rfd8.0"   "tg:rfm5.0"   "tg:rfmj.0"   "tg:rfn5.0"  
##  [809] "tg:rfx8.0"   "tg:rfxf.0"   "tg:rfxg.0"   "tg:rhjs.0"  
##  [813] "tg:rhnx.0"   "tg:rhqt.0"   "tg:rhtz.0"   "tg:rhzq.0"  
##  [817] "tg:rj22.0"   "tg:rjdc.0"   "tg:rjg0.0"   "tg:rjh9.0"  
##  [821] "tg:rjmw.0"   "tg:rjqs.0"   "tg:rjwv.0"   "tg:rjzc.0"  
##  [825] "tg:rkpt.0"   "tg:rkq6.0"   "tg:rksp.0"   "tg:rktc.0"  
##  [829] "tg:rkzk.0"   "tg:rkzp.0"   "tg:rm3n.0"   "tg:s4hh.0"  
##  [833] "tg:s4hw.0"   "tg:s4jp.0"   "tg:s4m0.0"   "tg:s4m2.0"  
##  [837] "tg:s4nb.0"   "tg:s6kj.0"   "tg:s6kn.0"   "tg:s6m2.0"  
##  [841] "tg:s6m6.0"   "tg:s8bj.0"   "tg:s8br.0"   "tg:s8bv.0"  
##  [845] "tg:s8c4.0"   "tg:s8c9.0"   "tg:s8cb.0"   "tg:s8fd.0"  
##  [849] "tg:s8fh.0"   "tg:s9j7.0"   "tg:sc8m.0"   "tg:sc8q.0"  
##  [853] "tg:scbg.0"   "tg:scbm.0"   "tg:sf41.0"   "tg:sf49.0"  
##  [857] "tg:sf4d.0"   "tg:sj68.0"   "tg:sj6f.0"   "tg:sj6g.0"  
##  [861] "tg:sj6r.0"   "tg:sj6v.0"   "tg:sj74.0"   "tg:sjhr.0"  
##  [865] "tg:sjpt.0"   "tg:spd6.0"   "tg:spgf.0"   "tg:ssrb.0"  
##  [869] "tg:ssrf.0"   "tg:sssj.0"   "tg:sssn.0"   "tg:st5r.0"  
##  [873] "tg:stqr.0"   "tg:stqx.0"   "tg:str1.0"   "tg:str4.0"  
##  [877] "tg:str5.0"   "tg:str8.0"   "tg:strd.0"   "tg:strh.0"  
##  [881] "tg:strp.0"   "tg:strq.0"   "tg:strx.0"   "tg:stsd.0"  
##  [885] "tg:stst.0"   "tg:stt4.0"   "tg:sttf.0"   "tg:sv5m.0"  
##  [889] "tg:svt2.0"   "tg:swzc.0"   "tg:swzz.0"   "tg:t25v.0"  
##  [893] "tg:t2z2.0"   "tg:t337.0"   "tg:t3sh.0"   "tg:t4rs.0"  
##  [897] "tg:t4rw.0"   "tg:t8tr.0"   "tg:t907.0"   "tg:t969.0"  
##  [901] "tg:t96n.0"   "tg:t96r.0"   "tg:t96s.0"   "tg:t96w.0"  
##  [905] "tg:t971.0"   "tg:t976.0"   "tg:t977.0"   "tg:t97f.0"  
##  [909] "tg:t9p6.0"   "tg:t9p7.0"   "tg:t9ph.0"   "tg:t9ps.0"  
##  [913] "tg:t9qb.0"   "tg:t9qh.0"   "tg:t9qj.0"   "tg:tbf2.0"  
##  [917] "tg:tbqn.0"   "tg:tc1r.0"   "tg:tff9.0"   "tg:tfsf.0"  
##  [921] "tg:tftj.0"   "tg:tg23.0"   "tg:tg37.0"   "tg:tg9f.0"  
##  [925] "tg:tgw6.0"   "tg:tgw9.0"   "tg:tgwk.0"   "tg:th0n.0"  
##  [929] "tg:tn4k.0"   "tg:tndf.0"   "tg:tp8b.0"   "tg:tp8d.0"  
##  [933] "tg:tpd7.0"   "tg:tphz.0"   "tg:tpp9.0"   "tg:tpq4.0"  
##  [937] "tg:tpq5.0"   "tg:tpqs.0"   "tg:tpx6.0"   "tg:tpxs.0"  
##  [941] "tg:tq2b.0"   "tg:trwt.0"   "tg:tv5b.0"   "tg:tv5k.0"  
##  [945] "tg:tv5t.0"   "tg:tv63.0"   "tg:tv65.0"   "tg:tv6f.0"  
##  [949] "tg:tv6h.0"   "tg:tv6t.0"   "tg:tvb0.0"   "tg:tvbg.0"  
##  [953] "tg:tvbm.0"   "tg:tvc5.0"   "tg:tvc9.0"   "tg:tvcm.0"  
##  [957] "tg:tvdq.0"   "tg:tvdx.0"   "tg:tvfs.0"   "tg:tvg7.0"  
##  [961] "tg:tvgd.0"   "tg:tvgg.0"   "tg:tvgp.0"   "tg:tvgr.0"  
##  [965] "tg:twnw.0"   "tg:twt3.0"   "tg:tx4z.0"   "tg:txtj.0"  
##  [969] "tg:tz0c.0"   "tg:tz39.0"   "tg:tz6r.0"   "tg:tz9d.0"  
##  [973] "tg:tzgk.0"   "tg:v0d8.0"   "tg:v0fv.0"   "tg:v0hv.0"  
##  [977] "tg:v0nx.0"   "tg:v183.0"   "tg:v186.0"   "tg:v18g.0"  
##  [981] "tg:v18m.0"   "tg:v1sm.0"   "tg:v341.0"   "tg:v3mq.0"  
##  [985] "tg:v3mw.0"   "tg:v3mx.0"   "tg:v3n4.0"   "tg:v3nb.0"  
##  [989] "tg:v3nq.0"   "tg:v3q4.0"   "tg:v3qp.0"   "tg:v3rv.0"  
##  [993] "tg:v3rz.0"   "tg:v3s3.0"   "tg:v3sh.0"   "tg:v3sw.0"  
##  [997] "tg:v3t3.0"   "tg:v3t6.0"   "tg:v3tw.0"   "tg:v3vb.0"  
## [1001] "tg:v3vp.0"   "tg:v3vz.0"   "tg:v3w3.0"   "tg:v401.0"  
## [1005] "tg:v409.0"   "tg:vhgn.0"   "tg:vkgr.0"   "tg:vmhp.0"  
## [1009] "tg:vmht.0"   "tg:vmm5.0"   "tg:vmvc.0"   "tg:vmw0.0"  
## [1013] "tg:vmw8.0"   "tg:vmwh.0"   "tg:vmxv.0"   "tg:vn0c.0"  
## [1017] "tg:vn0h.0"   "tg:vn0r.0"   "tg:vn11.0"   "tg:vn1b.0"  
## [1021] "tg:vn1q.0"   "tg:vn1w.0"   "tg:vn2c.0"   "tg:vn2f.0"  
## [1025] "tg:vn2s.0"   "tg:vn3b.0"   "tg:vn3t.0"   "tg:vn3v.0"  
## [1029] "tg:vn41.0"   "tg:vn4h.0"   "tg:vn4q.0"   "tg:vn59.0"  
## [1033] "tg:vn5n.0"   "tg:vn60.0"   "tg:vn79.0"   "tg:vn7q.0"  
## [1037] "tg:vn90.0"   "tg:vnbs.0"   "tg:vncw.0"   "tg:vnd5.0"  
## [1041] "tg:vndf.0"   "tg:vnf1.0"   "tg:vnfd.0"   "tg:vnft.0"  
## [1045] "tg:vnfz.0"   "tg:vnh9.0"   "tg:vnj5.0"   "tg:vnjn.0"  
## [1049] "tg:vnkg.0"   "tg:vnmx.0"   "tg:vnn3.0"   "tg:vpv1.0"  
## [1053] "tg:vpv9.0"   "tg:vpvd.0"   "tg:vpvq.0"   "tg:vpvw.0"  
## [1057] "tg:vpvx.0"   "tg:vrcn.0"   "tg:vrdc.0"   "tg:vrdj.0"  
## [1061] "tg:vrdk.0"   "tg:vrds.0"   "tg:w3sp.0"   "tg:w3vd.0"  
## [1065] "tg:w3vm.0"   "tg:w3w0.0"   "tg:w3x0.0"   "tg:w3xb.0"  
## [1069] "tg:w3xk.0"   "tg:w3xp.0"   "tg:w3z2.0"   "tg:w3zd.0"  
## [1073] "tg:w407.0"   "tg:w40m.0"   "tg:w40n.0"   "tg:wbvk.0"  
## [1077] "tg:wc0g.0"   "tg:wc9p.0"   "tg:wc9q.0"   "tg:wcbf.0"  
## [1081] "tg:wcj0.0"   "tg:wd1q.0"   "tg:wd6t.0"   "tg:wdfd.0"  
## [1085] "tg:wdq6.0"   "tg:wdvq.0"   "tg:wf5v.0"   "tg:wf6k.0"  
## [1089] "tg:wfsd.0"   "tg:wp6p.0"   "tg:wpvj.0"   "tg:wz0s.0"  
## [1093] "tg:wz12.0"   "tg:wzgs.0"   "tg:wznj.0"   "tg:wznq.0"  
## [1097] "tg:wznr.0"   "tg:wzp1.0"   "tg:wzp6.0"   "tg:wzp9.0"  
## [1101] "tg:wzpd.0"   "tg:wzph.0"   "tg:wzpp.0"   "tg:wzps.0"  
## [1105] "tg:wzpz.0"   "tg:wzq0.0"   "tg:wzq9.0"   "tg:x22s.0"  
## [1109] "tg:x34j.0"   "tg:x37n.0"   "tg:x37q.0"   "tg:x390.0"  
## [1113] "tg:x39r.0"   "tg:x3b4.0"   "tg:x3bf.0"   "tg:x3bs.0"  
## [1117] "tg:x3cm.0"   "tg:x3cv.0"   "tg:x3d6.0"   "tg:x3f6.0"  
## [1121] "tg:x3zz.0"   "tg:x400.0"   "tg:x438.0"   "tg:x480.0"  
## [1125] "tg:x48t.0"   "tg:x495.0"   "tg:x4c3.0"   "tg:x4gj.0"  
## [1129] "tg:x4q9.0"   "tg:x4vf.0"   "tg:x4vh.0"   "tg:x4vp.0"  
## [1133] "tg:x4vq.0"   "tg:x4vx.0"   "tg:x5bv.0"   "tg:x82c.0"  
## [1137] "tg:x8bm.0"   "tg:x8br.0"   "tg:x8cd.0"   "tg:x8cf.0"  
## [1141] "tg:x8fs.0"   "tg:x8hc.0"   "tg:x8ks.0"   "tg:x8mr.0"  
## [1145] "tg:x8mw.0"   "tg:x8nh.0"   "tg:x8np.0"   "tg:x8nq.0"  
## [1149] "tg:x90m.0"   "tg:x90s.0"   "tg:x90t.0"   "tg:x9jv.0"  
## [1153] "tg:x9rp.0"   "tg:xknr.0"   "turm:1"      "turm:2"     
## [1157] "turm:3"

If you see something similar to this, you’re good to go!

Step 1: Select a Play

Load meta data for all ids

allMeta <- loadMeta(allIds)
View(allMeta)    # This should open the table with 
                 # meta data in a new pane

Select one play of your choice, and create a new variable that contains the id, for example:

myId <- "gdc:tx4z.0"  # Don Carlos

For the following analysis steps, everyone gets different results!

Loading the text

text <- loadSegmentedText(myId)

The variable text now refers to a table with 18 columns and 45243 rows.

Columns have the following names
- corpus, drama, begin.Act, end.Act, Number.Act, begin.Scene, end.Scene, Number.Scene, begin, end, Speaker.figure_surface, Speaker.figure_id, Token.surface, Token.pos, Token.lemma, length, Mentioned.figure_surface, Mentioned.figure_id
Rows don’t have names – they represent the spoken words in the play
- Each word is on one row (i.e., the characters in the play utter 45243 words)
You don’t have to work with the table directly

Statistics about characters

Function: figureStatistics(...) to get simple character statistics.
- Entering ?figureStatistics shows documentation

fstat <- figureStatistics(text)

Rows: The characters of the play
Columns: Extracted properties
- corpus, drama: meta data to identify the play
- length: The length of the play in tokens
- figure: An identifier for the character
- tokens: Number of tokens spoken by this character
- types: Number of different tokens spoken by this character
- utterances: Number of utterances by this character
- utteranceLengthMean, utteranceLengthSd: Mean and standard deviation of the utterance length
- firstBegin, lastEnd: The character offset of the first and last utterance

Visualising character statistics

The $-operator selects one column
- fstat$tokens gives you a list of the token numbers of the characters (in the order of the table)

par(mar=c(10,4,1,1))     # set plot margins
barplot(fstat$tokens,    # the values to be plotted
        names.arg = fstat$figure,   # labels on x-axis
        beside=TRUE,     # don't plot bar on top of each other
        las=2)         # rotate x axis labels by 90 degrees

Vignettes

Vignettes are howtos that explain certain areas of an R package
Currently, DramaAnalysis offers three vignettes
- More on Character statistics
- Configuration Matrix
- Word Field Analysis
Select one and try to apply the howto on your text!

Advice

Don’t be afraid: It’s much harder to really break your computer than you think
?functionName gives you the documentation for a function
If you are stuck: Please ask
Be aware that all this is research software
- It contains bugs and implementation errors
- It is not directed at end users